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Act of Independence of Central America
The Act of Independence of Central America, also known as the Act of Independence of Guatemala, is the legal document by which the Provincial Council of the Province of Guatemala proclaimed the independence of Central America from the Spanish Empire, as well as inviting the other provinces of the Captaincy General of Guatemala to send envoys to a congress to decide the form of the region's independence. It was enacted on 15 September 1821.
==Independence movements==
The events of the Peninsular War (in particular the removal of Ferdinand VII from the Spanish throne) inspired and facilitated a series of revolts in El Salvador and Nicaragua aimed at winning Central America greater political autonomy or independence. Though quickly suppressed, these uprisings formed part of the general political upheaval in the Spanish world that led to the establishment of the Spanish Constitution of 1812. Between 1810 and 1814, the Captaincy General of Guatemala elected seven representatives to the new Cádiz Cortes, in addition to forming locally-elected provincial governing councils.
However, shortly after being restored to power in 1814, King Ferdinand repudiated the 1812 constitution, dissolved the Cortes, and suppressed liberalism in peninsular Spain,〔Alfonso Bullon de Mendoza y Gomez de Valugera, "Revolución y contrarrevolución en España y América (1808–1840)" in Javier Parades Alonso (ed.), ''España Siglo XIX'', ACTAS, 1991. ISBN 84-87863-03-5, p. 81–82.〕 which provoked renewed unrest in the Spanish Americas. The brief restoration of the constitution during the Liberal Triennium beginning in 1820 allowed the Central American provinces to reestablish their elected councils, which then became focal points for constitutionalist and separatist sentiments. In 1821 the provincial council of Guatemala began to openly discuss a declaration of independence from Spain.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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